Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Show: 20 | 50 | 100
Results 1 - 20 de 119
Filter
1.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, CONASS, ColecionaSUS, SES-GO | ID: biblio-1510269

ABSTRACT

As quedas em idosos representam um importante problema de saúde pública devido à associação com a morbimortalidade. Objetivos: Descrever o perfil epidemiológico de idosos com fratura de fêmur proximal, bem como associar o tempo de espera para a cirurgia e os desfechos clínicos com as variáveis físico-funcionais. Métodos: Estudo transversal analítico, de idosos com fratura de fêmur proximal de origem traumática. Os aspectos físico-funcionais foram avaliados pelo Índice de Barthel, Escala de Lawton, Medical Research Council e Dinamometria de Força de Preensão Palmar em dois momentos distintos, admissão e alta hospitalar. Foi realizado análise estatística descritiva e inferencial adotando-se p<0,05. Resultados: A amostra foi composta por 64 indivíduos, sendo 48 (75%) do sexo feminino, com média de idade de 77,8 anos (±8,73). Os pacientes com maior dependência funcional no Índice de Barthel na admissão (U= 282,000; p<0,05) e na alta hospitalar (U= 248,000; p<0,05) aguardaram mais tempo para o procedimento cirúrgico. O principal desfecho foi a alta, de 55 pacientes (85,9%), no entanto aqueles que evoluíram a óbito apresentaram piores pontuações na Escala de Lawton (t(62)= -2,060; p<0,05) e no Índice de Barthel (U= 145,500; p<0,05) no momento da admissão. Conclusão: O perfil de idosos com fratura de fêmur proximal são mulheres, na transição para a oitava década de vida, vítimas de queda da própria altura. Idosos com maior dependência funcional aguardaram mais tempo para a cirurgia e apresentaram piores desfechos


Falls in the elderly represent an important public health problem due to the association with morbidity and mortality. Objectives: To describe the epidemiological profile of elderly people with proximal femur fractures, as well as to associate the waiting time for surgery and clinical outcomes with physical-functional variables. Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study of elderly patients with fractures of the proximal femur of traumatic origin. Sociodemographic, trauma and clinical information were obtained via electronic medical records. The physical-functional aspects were assessed using the Barthel Index, Lawton Scale, Medical Research Council and Hand Grip Strength at two different times, admission and hospital discharge. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed, adopting p<0.05. Results: The sample consisted of 64 individuals, 48 (75.0%) of which were female, with a mean age of 77.8 years (±8.73). The median waiting time for surgery was 12 (8-15) days. Patients with greater functional dependence on the Barthel Index at admission (U= 282.000; p<0.05) and at hospital discharge (U= 248.000; p<0.05) waited longer for the surgical procedure. The main outcome was discharge 55 (85.9%), however, patients who evolved to death had worse scores on the Lawton Scale (t(62)= -2.060; p<0.05) and on the Barthel Index (U = 145.500; p<0.05) at admission. Conclusion: The profile of elderly people with proximal femur fractures are women, in the transition to the eighth decade of life, victims of a fall from their own height. Elderly people with greater functional dependence waited longer for surgery and had worse outcomes


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Outcome Assessment, Health Care , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Functional Status , General Surgery/organization & administration , Health Profile , Accidental Falls , Cross-Sectional Studies
3.
Actual. osteol ; 18(3): 169-182, 2022. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS, UNISALUD, BINACIS | ID: biblio-1509315

ABSTRACT

El síndrome metabólico se define como un trastorno heterogéneo y multifactorial con riesgo cardiovascular elevado. Actualmente se encuentra en franco crecimiento debido al sedentarismo y la ingesta rica en grasas y azúcares. Su tratamiento incluye la indicación de cambios en el estilo de vida, con realización de actividad física y una alimentación saludable e hipocalórica. Cuando esto no es eficaz, se pueden utilizar diferentes fármacos, y entre los más prescriptos se encuentra la metformina, caracterizada por su acción insulino-sensibilizante. Numerosos trabajos han estudiado la vinculación del síndrome metabólico con el tejido óseo. Se demostró como resultado general, aunque no concluyente, que dicho síndrome se asocia con una disminución de la densidad mineral ósea y un aumento en la incidencia de fracturas osteoporóticas. Una de las limitaciones de estos estudios clínicos estaría ligada a la gran heterogeneidad de los pacientes con síndrome metabólico. Por otra parte, y dado que diversos estudios preclínicos han sugerido posibles acciones osteogénicas de la metformina, se ha investigado el posible efecto óseo de un tratamiento con este fármaco en personas con hiperglucemia o disglucemia. Varios estudios clínicos muestran que este efecto sería nulo o, en algunos casos, de carácter protector para el sistema óseo. No obstante, se debería tener precaución en el uso de dicho fármaco en pacientes que necesiten dosis altas y/o posean riesgo elevado de fractura, ya que sus altas concentraciones podrían tener consecuencias negativas sobre el metabolismo óseo. (AU)


Metabolic syndrome is defined as a heterogeneous and multifactorial disorder with high cardiovascular risk. Its incidence is currently growing due to sedentary lifestyles and diets with a high intake of fats and sugars. Treatment for metabolic syndrome begins with changes in lifestyle, such as physical activity and a healthy and hypocaloric diet. When this is not effective, different drugs can be used, and one of the most frequently prescribed is the insulin-sensitizer metformin. Numerous investigations have evaluated the possible link between metabolic syndrome and alterations in bone metabolism. Although not conclusive, most clinical studies point to an association between metabolic syndrome, a decrease in bone mineral density and an increase in the incidence of osteoporotic fractures. However, an important limitation of these studies is the great heterogeneity of individuals with metabolic syndrome. In view of preclinical research indicating possible osteogenic actions of metformin, the effects on bone of metformin has been evaluated in patients with hyperglycemia. Most studies have found either no effect on fracture incidence, or a mild protective action. However, since elevated concentrations of metformin might negatively affect bone metabolism, caution should be taken when prescribing this drug for patients who require high doses, and/or have an excess fracture risk. (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Bone and Bones/drug effects , Metabolic Syndrome/drug therapy , Metformin/administration & dosage , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/complications , Bone Density , Metabolic Syndrome/physiopathology , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Metformin/pharmacology
4.
Rev. cir. traumatol. buco-maxilo-fac ; 21(3): 12-18, jul.-set.2021. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, BBO | ID: biblio-1391086

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Pensando em melhoria na saúde das populações, é indispensável para as equipes de CTBMF e gestores de saúde o conhecimento dos perfis epidemiológicos. O objetivo desse estudo foi estratificar etiologias, ossos mais afetados e possíveis padrões recorrentes entre 2016 e 2019, contabilizá los, analisá-los e então fundamentar sistemas de gestão e ferramentas de melhorias a fim de aumentar eficiência operacional da cadeia de saúde. Métodos: Trata-se de um estudo transversal descritivo que analisou 233 pacientes vitimados com trauma facial e necessitaram de abordagem cirúrgica entre dezembro de 2016 e dezembro de 2019 no Hospital Governador Celso Ramos. Resultados: Ao total de 447 fraturas, 85,83% ocorreram no sexo masculino. A média de idade foi 32,42 e o grupo etário mais acometido o de 21 aos 30 anos. Etiologia mais prevalente foi agressão física, representando 42% dos pacientes. Em comparação com os anos, houve uma tendência preocupante de ascensão nos índices. Conclusões: Os níveis de violência impressionam. Este trabalho direciona um alerta sobre danos graves evitáveis relacionados a agressões e acidentes de trânsito. É imperativo que as gestões públicas desenvolvam políticas no intuito de mitigar riscos e desperdício de recursos, assegurando tratamento, reabilitação e sobretudo prevenção eficaz... (AU)


Introduction: To think over population health improvement, it is all-important that OMFS teams and health managers have knowledge on epidemiological profiles. The aim of this study was to stratify etiologies, the most affected bones and possible recurrent patterns between 2016 and 2019, and based on the records and analyses of the cases, develop management systems and improvement tools to increase the healthcare chain operational efficiency. Methods: It is a cross-sectional study that examined 233 patients who suffered maxillofacial trauma and needed a surgical approach between December 2016 and December 2019 at the Hospital Governador Celso Ramos. Results: From a total of 447 fractures, 85.83% occurred in males. Mean age was 32.42 years, and the predominant injured individuals were between 21 and 30 years old. The most prevalent etiology was physical aggression, representing 42% of the patients. In the comparison of the years, there was a worrying upward trend in violence rates. Conclusions: The levels of violence are impressive, alarming. This work places red flag alert on serious preventable injuries caused by physical violence and traffic accidents. It is imperative that public administrations develop policies designed to mitigate risks and resource wastes, ensuring treatment, rehabilitation and, above all, effective prevention... (AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Skull Fractures , Violence , Wounds and Injuries , Accidents, Traffic , Aggression , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Facial Bones/surgery , Facial Injuries/epidemiology , Disaster Warning , Delivery of Health Care , Disease Prevention , Population Health , Health Resources
5.
Acta ortop. mex ; 34(6): 346-353, nov.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383447

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: Las fracturas son lesiones relevantes en la vida de los individuos tanto por el costo del tratamiento, como por la carga en la vida laboral. La información en nuestro país acerca de esta patología es escasa, por lo que nos propusimos revisar datos epidemiológicos disponibles en la Encuesta Nacional de Salud (ENS). Material y métodos: Se calculó la prevalencia de vida de fracturas para la totalidad de la muestra y para los adultos mayores de 55 años, estimándose modelos de regresión logísticos distintos por sexo para la probabilidad de sufrir una fractura en la vida. Resultados: La prevalencia de vida de fracturas es de 18%, con 25.1% para los adultos mayores de 55 años, observándose mayor prevalencia en hombres que en mujeres (22.5 y 13.8% respectivamente). En el sexo masculino se asoció con fracturas: edad, tabaquismo, actividad física, consumo de alcohol e IMC, mientras que en el sexo femenino se asoció: edad, polifarmacia, estado civil y actividad física. Conclusión: Se encontró asociación entre la ocurrencia de fracturas y múltiples factores de riesgo conocidos para enfermedades crónicas, destacando la relevancia que poseen las fracturas en la población. Nueva evidencia orientada a estudiar este fenómeno se hace imperativa dado el envejecimiento progresivo de la población chilena.


Abstract: Introduction: Fractures are relevant injuries in the lives of individuals both for the cost of treatment and for the burden on working life. The information in our country about this pathology is scarce, so we set out to review epidemiological data available in the national health survey. Material and methods: The prevalence of fracture life was calculated for the entire sample and for adults over 55 years of age, with different logistic regression models estimated by sex for the likelihood of a fracture in life. Results: The prevalence of fracture life is 18%, with 25.1% for adults over 55 years of age, with higher prevalence observed in men than in women (22.5% and 13.8% respectively). In the male sex it was associated with fractures: age, smoking, physical activity, alcohol consumption, and BMI, while in the female sex it was associated: age, polypharmacy, marital status, and physical activity. Conclusion: An association was found between the occurrence of fractures and multiple known risk factors for chronic diseases, highlighting the relevance of fractures in the population. New evidence aimed at studying this phenomenon becomes imperative given the progressive ageing of the Chilean population.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Fractures, Bone , Alcohol Drinking , Chile/epidemiology , Prevalence , Risk Factors , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology
6.
Acta ortop. mex ; 34(6): 376-381, nov.-dic. 2020. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1383452

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: Los accidentes en motocicleta son una de las causas principales de muerte e incapacidad en la población joven de México. No hay estudios locales que describan el patrón de lesiones con base en la clasificación AO. Objetivo: Definir el patrón y tipo de fracturas óseas más frecuentes atendidas en un Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad, de Enero a Agosto de 2017. Material y métodos: Estudio descriptivo, transversal, observacional, cuantitativo de 98 pacientes que sufrieron accidente en motocicleta y que ameritaron tratamiento ortopédico quirúrgico (94% hombres, 6% mujeres, media de edad 29.7 años). Resultados: Los accidentes más frecuentes incluyeron las siguientes características: conductores hombres, motocicleta < 150 cm3, área rural, sin uso de casco (75.5%) y colisión contra un objeto en movimiento. Las fracturas más frecuentes correspondieron a: tibia y peroné (28.9%), fracturas expuestas (52.3%), de fémur (25%) y antebrazo (10.5%). Considerando la clasificación AO las fracturas más frecuentes fueron AO 42 B 3.3, AO 32A3.2 y AO 23B1.2. Conclusión: Los motociclistas utilizan escasas medidas de protección. El patrón de lesiones evidenció diferencias con lo reportado a nivel nacional. De acuerdo con la clasificación AO, buena parte de los casos corresponden a los de peor pronóstico.


Abstract: Introduction: Motorcycle accidents are one of the leading causes of death and disability in Mexico's young population. There are no local studies describing the pattern of AO-based injuries. Objective: Define the pattern and type of most common bone fractures in a Regional Hospital of High Specialty, from January to August 2017. Material and methods: Descriptive, cross-sectional, observational, quantitative study of 98 patients who suffered motorcycle accidents and who merited surgical orthopedic treatment (94% men, 6% women, average age 29.7 years). Results: The most frequent accidents included the following features: male drivers, motorcycle < 150 cm3, rural area, without helmet use (75.5%) collision against a moving object. The most common fractures corresponded to: tibia and fibula (28.9%), open fractures (52.3%), femur (25%) forearm (10.5%). Considering the AO classification the most common fractures were AO 42 B 3.3, AO 32A3.2 and AO 23B1.2. Conclusion: Motorcyclists use few protective measures. The injury pattern showed differences with what was reported nationally. According to the AO rating, much of the cases correspond to those of worst prognosis.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Motorcycles , Fractures, Bone , Accidents, Traffic , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Hospitals
7.
J. bras. nefrol ; 42(2): 138-146, Apr.-June 2020. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1134824

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Mineral and bone disorders (MBD) are major complications of chronic kidney disease (CKD)-related adverse outcomes. The Brazilian Registry of Bone Biopsy (REBRABO) is an electronic database that includes renal osteodystrophy (RO) data. We aimed to describe the epidemiological profile of RO in a sample of CKD-MBD Brazilian patients and understand its relationship with outcomes. Methods: Between August 2015 and March 2018, 260 CKD-MBD stage 3-5D patients who underwent bone biopsy were followed for 12 to 30 months. Clinical-demographic, laboratory, and histological data were analyzed. Bone fractures, hospitalizations, and death were considered the primary outcomes. Results: Osteitis fibrosa, mixed uremic osteodystrophy, adynamic bone disease, osteomalacia, osteoporosis, and aluminum (Al) accumulation were detected in 85, 43, 27, 10, 77, and 65 patients, respectively. The logistic regression showed that dialysis vintage was an independent predictor of osteoporosis (OR: 1.005; CI: 1.001-1.010; p = 0.01). The multivariate logistic regression revealed that hemodialysis treatment (OR: 11.24; CI: 1.227-100; p = 0.03), previous parathyroidectomy (OR: 4.97; CI: 1.422-17.241; p = 0.01), and female gender (OR: 2.88; CI: 1.080-7.679; p = 0.03) were independent predictors of Al accumulation; 115 patients were followed for 21 ± 5 months. There were 56 hospitalizations, 14 deaths, and 7 fractures during follow-up. The COX regression revealed that none of the variable related to the RO/turnover, mineralization and volume (TMV) classification was an independent predictor of the outcomes. Conclusion: Hospitalization or death was not influenced by the type of RO, Al accumulation, or TMV classification. An elevated prevalence of osteoporosis and Al accumulation was detected.


RESUMO Introdução: Os distúrbios minerais e ósseos (DMO) são importantes complicações da doença renal crônica (DRC) associadas à desfechos adversos. O Registro Brasileiro de Biópsia Óssea (REBRABO) é um banco de dados eletrônico que inclui dados sobre osteodistrofia renal (OR). Nosso objetivo foi descrever o perfil epidemiológico da OR em uma amostra de pacientes brasileiros com DMO-DRC e entender sua associação com os desfechos. Métodos: Entre agosto de 2015 e março de 2018, 260 pacientes com DMO-DRC estágio 3-5D submetidos à biópsia óssea foram acompanhados por 12 a 30 meses. Dados clínico-demográficos, laboratoriais e histológicos foram analisados. Fraturas ósseas, hospitalizações e óbito foram considerados como desfechos primários. Resultados: Osteíte fibrosa, osteodistrofia urêmica mista, doença óssea adinâmica, osteomalácia, osteoporose e acúmulo de alumínio (Al) foram detectados em 85, 43, 27, 10, 77 e 65 pacientes, respectivamente. A regressão logística mostrou que o tempo em diálise foi um preditor independente de osteoporose (OR: 1.005; IC: 1.001-1.010; p = 0,01). A regressão logística multivariada revelou que o tratamento hemodialítico (OR: 11,24; IC: 1,227-100; p = 0,03), paratireoidectomia prévia (OR: 4,97; IC: 1,422-17,241; p = 0,01) e sexo feminino (OR: 2,88; IC: 1,080-7,679; p = 0,03) foram preditores independentes de acúmulo de Al; 115 pacientes foram acompanhados por 21 ± 5 meses. Houve 56 internações, 14 óbitos e 7 fraturas durante o seguimento. A regressão COX revelou que nenhuma das variáveis relacionadas ao tipo de OR/remodelação-mineralização-volume (classificação TMV) foi um preditor independente de desfechos. Conclusão: A hospitalização ou óbito não foram influenciadas pelo tipo de OR, acúmulo de Al ou classificação de TMV. Foi detectada uma prevalência elevada de osteoporose e acúmulo de Al.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder/complications , Biopsy/methods , Bone and Bones/pathology , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/etiology , Renal Insufficiency, Chronic/complications , Osteoporosis/epidemiology , Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder/therapy , Bone Diseases, Metabolic/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Registries , Prospective Studies , Follow-Up Studies , Parathyroidectomy/adverse effects , Renal Dialysis/adverse effects , Treatment Outcome , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Aluminum/blood , Hospitalization/statistics & numerical data
8.
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 31(1): 42-49, ene.-feb. 2020. ilus, tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1223303

ABSTRACT

Las personas mayores con fractura de cadera tienen un aumento del riesgo de mortalidad de 5 a 8 veces por todas las causas, y un riesgo mucho mayor de institucionalización por pérdida funcional, ya que solo el 50% de los pacientes que sobreviven, recuperan la actividad de la vida diaria previa a la fractura. Las intervenciones para prevenir dichos resultados, incluyendo una segunda fractura, se transforma en el objetivo principal en estos pacientes. El modelo de atención de ortogeriatría es un enfoque de atención multidimensional para los pacientes que sufren una fractura de cadera, que por lo general, es secundario a una caída desde su propia altura, conocida como fractura por fragilidad. Este modelo de atención desarrollado por geriatras y traumatólogos con la asistencia de un equipo multidisciplinario, incluye una evaluación integral perioperatoria y un equipo de enfermería centrada en la función premórbida del paciente, la cognición, las comorbilidades, que permite crear un plan individualizado, para ser monitorizado y asegurar su cumplimiento, los primeros dos años después de la fractura. Este esquema de trabajo ha demostrado mejorar el retorno a la función previa y la disminución de la mortalidad, con un costo reducido o un aumento de utilidad expresada en calidad de vida, por lo que es la atención más rentable para los pacientes que sufren una fractura de cadera.


Older people with hip fracture have an increased risk of mortality 5 to 8 times, for all causes and a much higher risk of institutionalization due to functional loss, because only 50% of patients who survive, recover the activity of daily life before the fracture. Interventions to prevent such results, including a second fracture, become the principal objective in these patients. The orthogeriatric care model, is a multidimensional approach for patients who suffer a hip fracture, which is usually secondary to a fall from their own height, known as a fragility fracture. This model of care developed by geriatricians and traumatologists with help of a multidisciplinary team, includes a comprehensive perioperative assessment and a nursing team focused on the premorbid patient state, cognition, comorbidities, which allows creating an individualized plan, to be monitored and ensure compliance, the first 2 years. This work scheme has been shown to improve the return of the function and the reduction of mortality at a reduced cost or an expressed utility in quality of life, making it the most cost-effective care for patients suffering from a hip fracture.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aged , Fractures, Bone/prevention & control , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Geriatrics/organization & administration , Patient Care Team , Frail Elderly , Hip Fractures/surgery , Hip Fractures/economics
9.
J. bras. nefrol ; 41(4): 518-525, Out.-Dec. 2019. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-1056611

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Introduction: Proximal femur fractures affect the mortality and morbidity of elderly individuals. Recent studies have shown an association between fragility fractures and hyponatremia, a common fluid and electrolyte balance disorder. Objectives: This study aimed to investigate the occurrence of hyponatremia in patients with fragility fractures of the proximal femur. Methods: The authors looked into the data from the medical records of patients admitted to the emergency unit of the Real Hospital Português for fragility fractures of the proximal femur from 2014 to 2017. The study included patients with serum sodium levels recorded in their charts. Results: Fourteen of 69 (20.3%) patients with proximal femur fractures had hyponatremia. The main factors linked to hyponatremia were lung disease, and prescription of amiodarone and/or antidepressants. Conclusion: In elderly individuals, fragility fractures of the proximal femur may correlate with hyponatremia, particularly among patients on amiodarone or antidepressants.


RESUMO Introdução: Fratura de fêmur proximal tem impacto na mortalidade e morbidade de idosos. Estudos recentes vêm demonstrando associação entre fratura por fragilidade e hiponatremia, um distúrbio hidroeletrolítico comum na prática médica. Objetivos: Investigar a ocorrência de hiponatremia em pacientes com fratura proximal de fêmur por fragilidade. Metodologia: Foram coletados dados a partir de prontuários de pacientes admitidos na emergência do Real Hospital Português devido à fratura proximal de fêmur por fragilidade, entre 2014 e 2017, e aqueles com natremia disponível no prontuário eletrônico foram incluídos no estudo. Resultado: Dentre os 69 pacientes com fratura de fêmur proximal, houve uma ocorrência de 14 pacientes com hiponatremia, o que corresponde a 20,3%. Os principais fatores associados à hiponatremia no estudo foram doença pulmonar, uso de amiodarona e antidepressivos. Conclusão: Em idosos, a fratura de fêmur proximal por fragilidade pode estar correlacionada com hiponatremia, principalmente quando estão sob uso de amiodarona ou antidepressivos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Fractures, Bone/blood , Femoral Fractures/blood , Hyponatremia/complications , Water-Electrolyte Balance/physiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Comorbidity , Cross-Sectional Studies , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Femoral Fractures/epidemiology , Amiodarone/adverse effects , Hyponatremia/diagnosis , Hyponatremia/etiology , Lung Diseases/complications , Anti-Arrhythmia Agents/adverse effects , Antidepressive Agents/adverse effects
10.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 24(3): 1143-1152, mar. 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-989620

ABSTRACT

Resumo Em países desenvolvidos, a violência é a principal causa de lesões bucomaxilofaciais (LBMF). No Brasil, há poucas evidências sobre tais lesões. Objetivou-se caracterizar as LBMF resultantes de agressão física em uma capital do nordeste brasileiro e analisar diferenças entre gêneros. Foram investigados 15.847 laudos do Instituto Médico Legal de São Luís/MA, ocorridos em 2012. Coletaram-se dados socioeconômicos, demográficos e características das LBMF. Utilizaram-se os testes Qui-quadrado e Exato de Fisher para avaliar diferenças entre gêneros. Dos casos periciados, 1977 eram LBMF. Vítimas do sexo feminino, com 20-59 anos de idade, cor parda, sem companheiro e empregadas foram mais afetadas. Lesões do tipo equimose, nas regiões bucinadora e labial, decorrentes do uso de instrumentos contundentes, ocasionando debilidade funcional permanente foram mais incidentes em mulheres (P < 0,05), ao passo que fratura dental, ferida contusa e perfurocontusa, decorrentes de instrumentos cortantes e perfurocontundentes, ocasionando deformidade permanente, incapacidade ocupacional e perigo de vida, em homens (P < 0,05). Conclui-se que a incidência de LBMF decorrente de agressão física é alta em São Luís, MA, e, embora as mulheres sejam mais acometidas, as LBMF em homens são mais severas.


Abstract In developed countries, violence is the main cause of oral maxillofacial (OMF) injuries. In Brazil, there are scant records of such lesions. The scope of this study was to detail the OMF injuries resulting from physical aggression in a capital of the Brazilian northeast and analyze gender differences. The Forensic Medicine Institute of São Luís, state of Maranhão, featured 15,847 reports, which occurred in 2012, and they were investigated. Socioeconomic, demographic data and OMF characteristics were analyzed. The Chi-square and Fisher's Exact tests were applied to assess gender differences. Of the cases examined, 1977 were OMF. Female victims, aged 20-59, dark-skinned, without a partner and maids were the most affected. Ecchymosis-type lesions, in the mouth and lip regions arising from the use of blunt instruments, causing permanent functional impairment, were the most prevalent in women (P < 0.05), whereas dental fracture and contusion arising from sharp instruments causing permanent deformity, occupational disability, and threat to life were detected in men (P < 0.05). The conclusion drawn is that the incidence of OMF due to physical aggression is high in São Luís, state of Maranhão, and although women are the most affected, the OMF in men are more severe.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Young Adult , Violence/statistics & numerical data , Aggression , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Maxillofacial Injuries/epidemiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Trauma Severity Indices , Sex Factors , Incidence , Prevalence , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Contusions/etiology , Contusions/epidemiology , Disability Evaluation , Fractures, Bone/etiology , Maxillofacial Injuries/etiology , Middle Aged
11.
Rev. Paul. Pediatr. (Ed. Port., Online) ; 37(1): 4-10, Jan.-Mar. 2019. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-985133

ABSTRACT

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar se houve associação entre a ocorrência de fratura após trauma físico e o uso de glicocorticoides nos 12 meses precedentes ao trauma, em crianças e adolescentes atendidos em uma emergência. Métodos: No período de abril a outubro de 2015 foi conduzido em uma emergência pediátrica um estudo tipo caso controle, em pacientes de 3 a 14 anos incompletos, vitimados por trauma físico, com e sem fratura. Os dados analisados foram obtidos pela consulta dos prontuários, pelo exame físico dos pacientes e por entrevista dos responsáveis, comparando-se uso de glicocorticoides nos últimos 12 meses, características demográficas, índice de massa corpórea, ingesta de leite, intensidade do trauma, prática de exercício físico e tabagismo passivo domiciliar nos dois grupos de pacientes. Resultados: Estudaram-se 104 pacientes com trauma físico, 50 com fratura e 54 sem fratura. O uso de glicocorticoides ocorreu em 15,4% dos pacientes estudados, sem diferença estatisticamente significante entre os dois grupos. A faixa etária de 10 a 14 anos incompletos, o trauma grave e a prática de exercício físico predominaram entre os pacientes com fratura. Conclusões: Este estudo não mostrou associação entre o uso prévio de glicocorticoides e a ocorrência de fraturas em crianças e adolescentes. A faixa etária de 10 a 14 anos incompletos, o trauma grave e a prática de exercício físico associaram-se com maior risco para fraturas.


ABSTRACT Objective: To assess the association between traumatic fractures and glucocorticoids taken 12 months prior to a trauma, in children and adolescents seen at an emergency room. Methods: A case-control study was conducted from April to October 2015, at a pediatric emergency hospital with patients aged 3- to 14 years-old, who had suffered physical trauma. Some of the patients had a fracture and some did not. The data analyzed were obtained from medical records, physical examination of the patients, and interview with the patients' caregivers. Glucocorticoid use in the past 12 months, demographic variables, body mass index, milk intake, trauma intensity, physical activity and smoking in the household were compared between the two patient groups. Results: A total of 104 patients with physical trauma were studied - 50 had a fracture and 54 did not. Of all the patients, 15.4% had previously used glucocorticoids, and there were no statistically significant differences between the groups. The age range of 10- to 14 years-old, severe trauma and physical activity were more prevalent among patients with a bone fracture. Conclusions: This study did not find an association between previous glucocorticoid use and the occurrence of fractures in children and adolescents. The age range of 10- to 14 years-old, severe trauma, and physical activity were associated with an increased risk for fractures.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Exercise/physiology , Trauma Centers/statistics & numerical data , Brazil/epidemiology , Case-Control Studies , Trauma Severity Indices , Risk Factors , Fractures, Bone/diagnosis , Fractures, Bone/etiology , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Glucocorticoids/adverse effects , Glucocorticoids/therapeutic use
12.
Rev. Kairós ; 21(4): 353-369, dez. 2018. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, INDEXPSI | ID: biblio-1382164

ABSTRACT

Objetivou-se demonstrar o perfil epidemiológico de idosos com fraturas diversas, hospitalizados no Brasil, assim como a caracterização dessas fraturas. Trata-se de revisão de literatura mediante publicações no período entre 2007 e 2018, compondo uma amostra de 20 estudos selecionados. Evidenciou-se a fratura do fêmur em idosas, decorrente de queda da própria altura, com período de internação hospitalar entre uma e três semanas. Concluiu-se que é fundamental conhecer o perfil epidemiológico de idosos hospitalizados com fraturas para direcionar políticas públicas e dotação orçamentária.


The objective was to demonstrate the epidemiological profile of elderly with various fractures, hospitalized in Brazil, as well as the characterization of these fractures. It is a review of the literature through publications in the period between 2007 and 2018, composing a sample of 20 selected studies. The fracture of the femur in the elderly was evidenced due to fall of the height itself with a hospital stay of between one and three weeks. It was concluded that it is fundamental to know the profile of elderly hospitalized with fractures to direct public policies and budget allocation.


Se objetivó demostrar el perfil epidemiológico de los ancianos com fraturas diversas hospitalizados en Brasil, así como la caracterización de estas fracturas. Se trata de uma revisión de literatura mediante publicaciones en el período entre 2007 y 2018, componiendo una muestra de 20 estudios seleccionados. Se evidenció la fractura del fémur en ancianas derivada de caída de la propia altura con período de internación hospitalaria entre una y tres semanas. Se concluyó que es fundamental conocer el perfil de ancianos hospitalizados con fracturas para direccionar políticas públicas y dotación presupuestaria.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Health Profile , Aged , Fractures, Bone , Hospitalization , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Femur , Length of Stay
13.
Acta ortop. mex ; 32(5): 251-256, Sep.-Oct. 2018. tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1124103

ABSTRACT

Resumen: Introducción: Las fracturas acetabulares cada día se ven más frecuentemente en los servicios de urgencia, aunque a comparación con otras fracturas, son lesiones bastante raras; es de suma importancia la comprensión y adecuado conocimiento para los traumatólogos en urgencias. El determinar la prevalencia de fracturas de acetábulo, así como las características de los pacientes, mecanismo de lesión y lesiones asociadas, nos permitirá desarrollar y mejorar las estrategias de diagnóstico y tratamiento para estos pacientes, así como futuras investigaciones terapéuticas. Material y métodos: Diseño transversal, descriptivo y retrospectivo. Se revisaron los casos con fracturas de acetábulo tratados durante el 1 de Noviembre de 2012 al 31 de Octubre de 2016. Resultados: La mayoría de los pacientes fueron hombres (75%). Los tipos de fracturas más frecuentes fueron la de pared posterior (22.3%), seguidas de ambas columnas (19.0%). El mecanismo de la lesión fue diferente por género, el choque automovilístico es 1.1 veces más probable en la mujeres que en los hombres, pero la caída desde tres o más metros es 6.0 veces más probable en los hombres; las mujeres en cambio, tienen 1.9 veces más probabilidad de ser atropelladas y 2.0 veces de sufrir caída desde su plano de sustentación (p = 0.02). Las fracturas con mayor proporción de lesiones ortopédicas asociadas corresponden en primer lugar a las de pared anterior de las cuales 80.0% tuvo lesiones asociadas. Discusión: Nuestros resultados concuerdan con lo reportado en la literatura a nivel internacional.


Abstract: Introduction: Acetabular fractures are seen more frequently in emergency services, although compared to other fractures, they are quite rare injuries; it is of paramount importance the understanding and adequate knowledge for the orthopedic surgeons. Determining the prevalence of acetabulum fractures, as well as patient characteristics, injury mechanism and associated injuries; it will allow us to develop and improve the diagnostic and treatment strategies for these patients, as well as future therapeutic research in our hospital. Material and methods: Transversal design, descriptive and retrospective. We reviewed cases with acetabulum fractures treated during November 1, 2012 to October 31, 2016. Results: Most of the patients were men (75%). The most common types of fractures were posterior wall (22.3%), followed by both columns (19.0%). The mechanism of the lesion was different by gender, the automobile accident is 1.1 times more likely in women than in men, but the fall from three or more meters is 6.0 times more likely in men; instead, women are 1.9 times more likely to be hit and 2.0 times to fall from their supportive plane (p = 0.02). The fractures with the highest proportion of associated orthopedic injuries correspond first to those of anterior wall of which 80.0% had associated injuries. Discussion: Our results are consistent with what is reported in the literature at the international level.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Fractures, Bone/surgery , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Acetabulum/injuries , Retrospective Studies , Mexico/epidemiology
14.
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-903490

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE Evaluate the prevalence and the factors associated with the occurrence of falls among older adults. METHODS A cross-sectional study with a representative sample of 1,451 elderly residents in the urban area of Pelotas, RS, in 2014. A descriptive analysis of the data was performed and the prevalence of falls in the last year was presented. The analysis of demographic, socioeconomic, behavioral and health factors associated with the outcome was performed using Poisson regression with adjustment for robust variance according to the hierarchical model. The variables were adjusted to each other within each level and for the higher level. Those with p ≤ 0.20 were maintained in the model for confounding control and those with p < 0.05 were considered to be associated with the outcome. RESULTS The prevalence of falls among older adults in the last year was 28.1% (95%CI 25.9-30.5), and most occurred in the person's own residence. Among the older adults who fell, 51.5% (95%CI 46.6-56.4) had a single fall and 12.1% (95%CI 8.9-15.3) had a fracture as a consequence, usually in the lower limbs. The prevalence of falls was higher in women, adults of advanced age, with lower income and schooling level, with functional incapacity for instrumental activities, and patients with diseases such as diabetes, heart disease, and arthritis. CONCLUSIONS The occurrence of falls reached almost a third of the older adults, and the prevalence was higher in specific segments of the population in question. About 12% of the older adults who fell fractured some bone. The factors associated with the occurrence of falls identified in this study may guide measures aimed at prevention in the older adult population.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Avaliar a prevalência e os fatores associados à ocorrência de quedas em idosos. MÉTODOS Estudo transversal com amostra representativa de 1.451 idosos residentes na zona urbana de Pelotas, RS, em 2014. Foi realizada análise descritiva dos dados e apresentada a prevalência de quedas no último ano. A análise de fatores demográficos, socioeconômicos, comportamentais e de saúde associados ao desfecho foi realizada por meio de regressão de Poisson com ajuste para variância robusta conforme modelo hierárquico. As variáveis foram ajustadas entre si dentro de cada nível e para as de nível superior. Aquelas com p ≤ 0,20 foram mantidas no modelo para controle de confusão e aquelas com p < 0,05 foram consideradas associadas ao desfecho. RESULTADOS A prevalência de quedas em idosos no último ano foi de 28,1% (IC95% 25,9-30,5), e a maioria ocorreu na própria residência do idoso. Entre os idosos que sofreram queda, 51,5% (IC95% 46,6-56,4) tiveram uma única queda e 12,1% (IC95% 8,9-15,3) tiveram fratura como consequência, sendo a de membros inferiores a mais relatada. A prevalência de quedas foi maior em mulheres, idosos com idade avançada, de menor renda e escolaridade, com incapacidade funcional para atividades instrumentais e portadores de enfermidades como diabetes, doença cardíaca e artrite. CONCLUSÕES A ocorrência de quedas atingiu quase um terço dos idosos, e a prevalência foi mais elevada em segmentos específicos da população em questão. Cerca de 12% dos idosos que caíram, fraturaram algum osso. Os fatores associados à ocorrência de quedas identificados neste estudo poderão nortear medidas que visem sua prevenção na população de idosos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Accidental Falls/statistics & numerical data , Socioeconomic Factors , Brazil/epidemiology , Accidents, Home/statistics & numerical data , Sex Factors , Prevalence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Risk Factors , Fractures, Bone/classification , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Middle Aged
15.
Rev. Col. Bras. Cir ; 44(5): 491-497, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-896619

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objectives: to investigate the incidence and etiology of face trauma with diagnosis of facial fracture treated at the Buccomaxillofacial Surgery and Traumatology Service of the Santa Casa de Misericórdia Hospital Complex in Porto Alegre. Methods: we conducted a cross-sectional, retrospective epidemiological study of 134 trauma victims with 153 facial fractures. Results: the male gender was the most affected (86.6%) and the incidence was higher in the age group from 21 to 30 years. The main etiology was assault (38.8%), followed by motor vehicle accidents (14.2%), motorcycle accidents (13.4%), falls (9%), road accidents (6.7%), sports accidents (5.2%), work accidents (5.2%), firearm injuries (4.5%) and cycling accidents (3%). The most frequent fractures were those of the zygomatic complex (44.5%), followed by fractures of the mandible (42.5%), maxillary bone (5.2%), nasal bones (4.5%) and zygomatic arch (3.3%). Conclusion: the fractures of the zygomatic complex and the mandible were the ones with the highest incidence in the facial traumas, having physical assaults as their main cause.


RESUMO Objetivos: pesquisar a incidência e etiologia dos traumas de face com diagnóstico de fratura facial atendidos no Serviço de Cirurgia e Traumatologia Bucomaxilofacial do Complexo Hospitalar Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre. Métodos: estudo epidemiológico, transversal, retrospectivo de 134 pacientes vítimas de trauma com 153 fraturas faciais. Resultados: o gênero mais acometido foi o masculino (86,6%) e sua incidência foi maior na faixa etária dos 21 aos 30 anos. A principal etiologia foi a agressão (38,8%), seguida de acidentes automobilísticos (14,2%), acidentes motociclísticos (13,4%), quedas (9%), atropelamentos (6,7%), acidentes esportivos (5,2%), acidentes de trabalho (5,2%), ferimentos por arma de fogo (4,5%) e acidentes ciclísticos (3%). As fraturas mais frequentes foram as do complexo zigomático (44,5%), seguidas das fraturas da mandíbula (42,5%), osso maxilar (5,2%), ossos próprios nasais (4,5%) e arco zigomático (3,3%). Conclusões: as fraturas do complexo zigomático e da mandíbula foram as de maior incidência nos traumas de face, e tiveram como principal causa as agressões físicas.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Young Adult , Fractures, Bone/etiology , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Facial Bones/injuries , Brazil/epidemiology , Incidence , Cross-Sectional Studies , Retrospective Studies , Hospitals , Middle Aged
16.
Ciênc. Saúde Colet. (Impr.) ; 22(9): 3033-3044, Set. 2017. tab, graf
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-890450

ABSTRACT

RESUMO O objetivo deste estudo foi determinar as circunstâncias das agressões e os padrões dos traumas maxilofaciais entre vítimas de violência interpessoal. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal e exploratório feito a partir da análise de 7.132 registros médico-legais e sociais de vítimas de violência interpessoal atendidas em um Centro de Medicina Legal e Odontologia Forense. Foi feita estatística descritiva e multivariada, usando Análise de Correspondência Múltipla. Três grupos com perfis distintos de vitimização foram identificados. O primeiro grupo foi formado majoritariamente por homens, de diferentes faixas etárias, vítimas de violência comunitária, resultando em fratura de ossos faciais ou fratura dentoalveolar. O segundo grupo foi composto essencialmente por adolescentes (10-19 anos), de ambos os sexos, vítimas de violência interpessoal e que não apresentaram um padrão específico de trauma. O terceiro grupo reuniu mulheres, adultas (≥ 20 anos), vítimas de violência doméstica, resultando em lesão de tecidos moles da face ou em outras regiões do corpo. Os resultados sugerem que as características sociodemográficas e circunstanciais são fatores importantes na vitimização por traumatismo maxilofacial e violência interpessoal.


Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the circumstances of aggressions and patterns of maxillofacial injuries among victims of interpersonal violence. This was a cross-sectional and exploratory study conducted from the analysis of 7,132 medical-legal and social records of interpersonal violence victims seen in a Forensic Medicine and Dentistry Center. Descriptive and multivariate statistics were performed using Multiple Correspondence Analysis. Three groups with different victimization profiles were identified. The first group was mainly composed of men of different age groups, victims of community violence that resulted in facial bones or dentoalveolar fracture. The second group was mainly composed of adolescents (10-19 years) of both sexes, victims of interpersonal violence and without specific pattern of injuries. The third group was composed of adult women (≥ 20 years) victims of domestic violence that resulted in injuries of soft tissues of face or other body regions. The results suggest that sociodemographic and circumstantial characteristics are important factors in victimization by maxillofacial injuries and interpersonal violence.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Young Adult , Violence/statistics & numerical data , Domestic Violence/statistics & numerical data , Crime Victims/statistics & numerical data , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Maxillofacial Injuries/etiology , Brazil/epidemiology , Pilot Projects , Sex Factors , Cross-Sectional Studies , Aggression , Forensic Medicine , Maxillofacial Injuries/epidemiology
17.
Rev. med. Rosario ; 83(2): 62-74, mayo-ago. 2017. tab, ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-973308

ABSTRACT

Con el propósito de determinar la prevalencia de fracturas osteoporóticas en una población cerrada de Atención Primaria de la Salud (APS) correspondiente al Distrito Centro de la ciudad de Rosario, se realizó este estudio observacional transversal. Los datos se obtuvieron de las fichas clínicas de los pacientes correspondientes a los registrosdel consultorio de APS. Se determinó la prevalencia de las fracturas del esqueleto periférico y axial estratificadas poredad y sexo, y se exploró la asociación entre índice de masa corporal y fracturas en esta población y según sexo. Seobtuvo información de 898 pacientes; 662 mujeres (73,7%) y 236 varones (26,3%); la relación mujer/varón fuede 2,8/1. La edad promedio fue de 75 años, y similar en ambos sexos. Los varones habían perdido 4,3±2,9 cm detalla con respecto a su talla histórica (rango: 0-17 cm), y las mujeres 5,7±3,7 cm (rango: 0-19 cm)...


In order to determine the prevalence of osteoporotic fractures in a closed population of Primary Health Care (PHC)corresponding to the Downtown District of the city of Rosario, this cross-sectional observational study was performed. Data were obtained from patients’ clinical records corresponding to PHC office records. The prevalence of axial andperipheral skeletal fractures was determined and the association between fractures and age, sex and body mass index (BMI)was explored. Information was obtained from 898 patients; 662 women (73.7%) and 236 men (26.3%); The male/female ratio was 2.8/1. Mean age was 75 years, and similar in both sexes. Males had lost 4.3±2.9 cm in height withrespect to their historical height (range: 0-17 cm), and females 5.7±3.7 cm (range: 0-19 cm)...


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Osteoporosis/epidemiology , Primary Health Care , Cross-Sectional Studies , Epidemiologic Studies , Health of the Elderly , Outpatients
18.
Cienc. act. fís. (Talca, En línea) ; 18(2): 1-9, jul. 2017. graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-986345

ABSTRACT

Antecedentes: Estudiar la incidencia de lesiones que involucran a atletas profesionales de Motocross de diferentes categorías en niveles de carreras estatales, nacionales e internacionales y evaluar las le-siones más comunes dentro de los atletas de Motocross y las áreas más frecuentemente afectadas por la práctica del deporte. Métodos: El estudio incluyó un cuestionario respondido por 45 atletas entre 16 y 46 años de edad, hombres y mujeres, de diferentes nacionalidades y lugares de nacimiento, en carreras para el Campeonato de Motocross de Brasil. Resultados: Las fracturas son las lesiones más comunes entre los corredores de Motocross (17.55 %), seguido de dislocaciones (13.05%). Los hom-bros y las rodillas son los sitios anatómicos más afectados. Las pruebas de chi- cuadrado mostraron que el diagnóstico tiene una relevancia significativa sobre la influencia y la definición del tratamiento de las lesiones (p = 0.001). El diagnóstico tuvo significación estadística en relación con el regreso de los corredores a los deportes con el mismo nivel físico anterior a la lesión (p = 0.001). Conclusión: Los hombros fueron los más afectados por las lesiones y las fracturas la lesión más común en la práctica de Motocross y debido a su naturaleza de alto impacto, el Motocross tiene una alta tasa de lesiones.


Background: To study the incidence of injuries involving professional Motocross athletes from diffe-rent categories in state, national and international racing levels and to evaluate the most common inju-ries within Motocross athletes and the most frequently affected areas by the sport's practice. Methods: The study included a questionnaire answered by 45 athletes aged between 16 and 46 years old, male and female, of different nationalities and places of birth, racing for the Brazilian Motocross Champion-ship. Results: Fractures are the most common injuries among Motocross racers (17.55%), followed by dislocations (13.05%). The shoulders and knees are the most affected anatomical sites. The chi- square tests showed that the diagnosis has significant relevance over the influence and definition of the inju-ries' treatment (p=0.001).The diagnosis had statistical significance in relation to the racers' return to sports with the same physical level prior to the injury (p=0.001). Conclusion: The shoulders were the most affected by injuries and the fractures the most common lesion in Motocross practice and because of its high impact nature, Motocross has a high rate of injuries.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Athletic Injuries/epidemiology , Wounds and Injuries/epidemiology , Motorcycles , Chi-Square Distribution , Incidence , Surveys and Questionnaires , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology
19.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 52(3): 260-269, May.-June 2017. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899139

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: This study evaluated the pelvic ring fractures and injuries in patients admitted to and treated at this ward between August, 2012 and January, 2014. METHODS: 66 patients were submitted to treatment protocols according to their age, gender, skin color, injury mechanism, location of the trauma, classification of their injuries, emergency intervention, associated injuries, injured side of the body, treatment, and mortality. The most relevant data were classified according to statistic procedures, such as Goodman's association test. Measures were compared with Student's t-test and analysis of variance associated with Tukey's multiple comparison test. RESULTS: The mean age was 47 years; white race and male gender were most common. Car or truck accident was the most common cause of injuries, which occurred mainly in urban sites. Type A injuries were the most frequent. 16.6% of the cases were submitted to emergency surgery. 42.4% displayed associated injuries. The right side of the body was the most commonly affected side. Non-invasive treatment was most commonly used. Death was the outcome in 3% of the cases, associated to high-energy trauma. CONCLUSIONS: Pelvic ring fractures and injuries are more often verified among males. In general and among younger individuals, traffic accidents are the most common cause of the injury, while among the elderly, ordinary falls are the most commonly verified cause. The majority of those injuries are suffered in urban areas. Type A fractures are more frequent. The majority of cases do not require emergency intervention nor do they feature associated injuries. Non-invasive treatment is most common and death outcomes are associated to high-energy traumas with severe injuries.


RESUMO OBJETIVO: Estudo das fraturas/lesões do anel pélvico atendidas e tratadas neste serviço de agosto de 2012 a janeiro de 2014. MÉTODOS: Elaborou-se um protocolo para os 66 pacientes, consideraram-se os dados: idade, sexo, cor, mecanismo da lesão, local do trauma, classificação das lesões, intervenção de urgência, lesões associadas, lado acometido, tratamento e óbito. Para os dados de maior interesse foram usados os procedimentos estatísticos que envolveram o teste de associação de Goodman e as técnicas de comparações de medidas por meio do teste t de Student e da análise de variância complementada com as comparações múltiplas de Tukey. RESULTADOS: A idade média foi de 47 anos; pacientes do sexo masculino e brancos foram mais frequentes. A causa mais comum das lesões foi acidente carro/caminhão e a zona urbana foi o local onde elas mais ocorreram. Fraturas tipo A foram as mais frequentes. Em 16,6% dos pacientes, foi necessária cirurgia de urgência e 42,4% apresentaram lesão associada. O lado direito foi mais acometido. O tratamento incruento foi o mais usado e o óbito ocorreu em 3%, em casos de trauma de alta energia. CONCLUSÕES: As fraturas/lesões do anel pélvico são mais frequentes no sexo masculino. De modo geral e em jovens, o acidente de trânsito é o mecanismo mais frequente, já em idosos é queda banal. A maioria das lesões ocorre na zona urbana. Fraturas do tipo A são as mais frequentes. A maioria não necessita de intervenção de urgência e não apresenta lesões associadas. O tratamento incruento é o mais usado e os óbitos estão associados a trauma de alta energia com graves lesões associadas


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Adult , Middle Aged , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Epidemiologic Studies , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Pelvic Bones/injuries
20.
Rev. bras. ortop ; 52(5): 538-543, 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-899183

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: To measure the prevalence of primary drug prevention of fractures due to osteoporosis in patients admitted to a tertiary teaching hospital, in a medium-sized city, admitted with osteoporotic fractures. Moreover, to identify the incidence of prescribing secondary prophylaxis after the first fracture event. At the same time, the prevalence of risk factors for such fractures as described in the literature was measured. Methods: This longitudinal prospective study was based on a cohort of patients admitted in a tertiary teaching hospital from October 2015 to January 2016. Patients with low energy or fragility fractures were included in the study regardless of gender or race, over the age of 50 years. All patients who did not have these characteristics were excluded. The follow-up lasted four months. Serial questionnaires were applied at admission and in the follow-up , consultations at four to eight weeks and at 16 weeks. Results: Only one patient reported receiving treatment with specific drugs for the disease before hospital admission, resulting in a prevalence of primary chemoprophylaxis of only 2.27%. No patient was prescribed medication for the treatment of osteoporosis after the fracture. The prevalence of risk factors was similar to those found in the literature review. Conclusion: In the present study, the frequency of primary and secondary osteoporosis chemoprophylaxis in patients who were admitted with fragility fractures was low, as well as the early indication of drug treatment after the first fracture. The prevalence of fragility fracture risk factors is similar to those reported in the literature.


RESUMO Objetivo: Medir a prevalência da profilaxia medicamentosa primária de fraturas por osteoporose em pacientes internados em um hospital terciário de ensino, em uma cidade de médio porte, admitidos com fraturas osteoporóticas. Além disso, identificar a incidência de prescrição de profilaxia medicamentosa secundária após o evento da primeira fratura. Paralelamente, medimos a prevalência de fatores de risco para fratura por osteoporose descritos na literatura. Método: Estudo longitudinal de uma coorte prospectiva de pacientes admitidos em hospital terciário de ensino de outubro de 2015 a janeiro 2016. Foram incluídos pacientes com fraturas de baixa energia ou por fragilidade, independentemente do gênero ou etnia, acima de 50 anos. Todos os pacientes que não apresentavam essas características foram excluídos. O seguimento foi de quatro meses. Foram aplicados questionários seriados na admissão, no retorno com quatro a oito semanas e com 16 semanas. Resultado: Somente um paciente referiu ter recebido tratamento com drogas específicas para a doença antes da internação hospitalar, o que revela uma prevalência de quimioprofilaxia primária de apenas 2,27%. Nenhum paciente recebeu prescrição para tratamento da osteoporose após a fratura. A prevalência dos fatores de risco de fratura se assemelha àquela encontrada na literatura. Conclusão: A frequência de quimioprofilaxia primária e secundária da osteoporose em pacientes admitidos com fraturas por fragilidade é baixa em nosso meio, assim como a indicação precoce de tratamento medicamentoso após a primeira fratura. A prevalência dos fatores de risco de fratura por fragilidade é semelhante àquela citada na literatura.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Bone and Bones/injuries , Fractures, Bone/epidemiology , Osteoporosis/epidemiology , Osteoporosis/therapy , Primary Prevention , Risk Factors , Secondary Prevention
SELECTION OF CITATIONS
SEARCH DETAIL